Mapping of the antigenic determinants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAK polar pili.

The polar pili of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are flexible filaments 5.2 nm in diameter and 2.5 microns in average length. They consist of a single subunit, pilin, which is a 144-residue polypeptide containing a hydrophobic N-terminal region (residues 1 to 30) and eight hydrophilic regions distributed throughout the remainder of the molecule. To delineate the antigenic regions of pilin, we cleaved the protein at Arg30, Arg53, and Arg120 to produce peptides TCI (residues 1 to 30), TCII (31 to 53), TCIII (54 to 120), and TCIV (121 to 144). TCIII and TCIV were further cleaved into several subfragments. The purified peptides were coupled to bovine serum albumin by using the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester of 4-azidobenzoic acid and were then subjected to immunological analysis, using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot procedures with polyclonal antiserum. Four antigenic regions were identified; one in TCI was found to be common to both PAK and PAO pilin. The remaining three were found to be specific to PAK pilin. Two of these were subfragments of TCIII, whereas the third was located close to the C-terminus of the molecule, most likely between Cys129 and Cys142. Modification of these cysteines by reduction and carboxymethylation of the disulfide linkage did not abolish the antigenicity of the C-terminal type-specific antigenic determinant.