Numerical analysis of the method of internal dialysis of giant axons.

This paper presents a numerical analysis of the method of internal dialysis used for studies of membrane transport in giant axons. Account is taken of the complete geometry, end effects, and finite dialyzate flow rates. Both influx and efflux experimental conditions are considered. Results place quantitative limits on system performance that are sufficiently general for use in experimental design. The completeness of solute equilibration and the uniformity of solute concentration at the axon membrane are assessed, as well as the sensitivity to dialysis solution flow rate. The effects of undialyzed axon ends on the equilibration rate and on the uniformity of concentration are determined, and the contribution of undialyzed ends to influx measurements is evaluated. Equilibration times are correlated with physical properties of axoplasm and dialysis tubing, and with dialysis solution flow rate. Numerical results confirm the general qualitative assessments of the method that are based on years of successful application.