Significance of anti-HBc in patients with hepatic disease. A comparative immunohistochemical study of blood and hepatic tissue.

Use of the immunofluorescent technic to examine liver sections disclosed different staining patterns for HBsAg and anti-HBc. In reverse, anti-HBc in serum can be detected by immunofluorescence using HBc-positive liver sections as substrate. In 57 of 89 sera tested, anti-HBc could be observed using immunofluorescence. Of these 57 sera, 31 contained HBsAg (54.5%), 15 contained anti-HBs (26.3%), and one contained both HBsAg and anti-HBs (1.7%). Ten patients (17.5%) had anti-HBc without HBsAg or anti-HBs; nine of these patients had disturbed hepatic functions. In eight cases biopsies of liver tissue showed lesions varying from steatosis to cirrhosis. In 32 anti-HBc-negative sera no HBsAg was found; transient anti-HBs was found in one case and persistent anti-HBs was also seen in one case. Biopsies of the livers of 27 anti-HBc-positive patients disclosed the whole spectrum of histologic lesions. There appear to be correlations between HBsAg in blood and in liver, and also between nuclear IgG, the HBsAg pattern in hepatic tissue, and active hepatic disease.