Cholesterol is a component of the rapid phase of axonal transport.

Twenty-two-day-old rats were injected intraocularly with [3H]acetate and killed between 1 hr and 35 days later. Cholesterol was isolated from the retinas, optic tracts, lateral geniculate bodies, and superior colliculi. Within the retina, radioactivity was rapidly incorporated into cholesterol with maximal labeling present one hour after injection. Transported labeled cholesterol (contralaterally corrected for systemic background labeling) was present in the superior colliculus by three hours. Radioactive cholesterol accumulated in all visual structures throughout the 35-day period, but the rate of accumulation was maximal at about the time of arrival of the initial pulse of radioactivity. Colchicine treatment of the retina blocked transport of cholesterol but not its synthesis by the retina. The results indicate that cholesterol is rapidly transported in the visual system and also released from the retina for a prolonged period after its synthesis.