Hymenolepis diminuta: behavioral effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine, acetylcholine, histamine and somatostatin.

Consistent in vitro behavioral patterns were found in the scolex and strobila of adult Hymenolepis diminuta. These patterns were measured with a force transducer and the behavior analyzed with a slow motion closed circuit T.V. Varying concentrations of serotonin (5-HT), acetylcholine (Ach), histamine and somatostatin, in the range of 10(-3) to 10(-9) M, were tested for their influence on the rhythmic patterns of behavior. High concentrations of 5-HT and of Ach decreased scolex motility. While 5-HT significantly increased motility in the anterior-, mid- and posterior regions of the strobila at 10(-3) M, Ach inhibited motility in all 3 regions of the strobila at the same concentrations. At high concentrations, somatostatin had a smaller stimulatory effect on worm motility in the anterior and mid-regions; histamine only significantly affected worm motility in the posterior region of the strobila. Depending on concentration, the action of 5-HT, Ach and histamine can be reversed, particularly in the anterior and posterior regions of the strobila. The in vivo assay for worm migrational responses suggests that the action of the neuromuscular stimulators and inhibitors on worm migration is indirect.