High conductance anion-selective channels in rat cultured Schwann cells.

Anion-selective channels, with very large single unit conductances, are present in the cell membrane of rat cultured Schwann cells measured with the patch-clamp technique. In inside-out membrane patches, channels with a conductance of about 450 pS (in symmetrical 150 mM NaCl) were observed. These channels did not become active until several minutes after the cytoplasmic surface had been exposed to the bathing medium, suggesting that these channels may normally be kept in an inactive state by some as yet unknown internal factor. The channel opened over a relatively small potential range (-10 mV to +20 mV) and closed rapidly at more positive and more negative potentials with voltage-dependent kinetics. Although the channels showed a slight permeability towards small cations the major permeability was to anions. The order of permeability was: I greater than Br greater than Cl greater than methyl SO4 greater than SO4 greater than acetate = isethionate. Aspartate and glutamate were not detectably permeant. The physiological role of these channels remains unknown.