Ethanol-induced changes in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in brains of mice selectively bred for differences in sensitivity to ethanol.

The effects of ethanol on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in five brain areas were analyzed in two lines of mice selectively bred for their differences in sensitivity to ethanol. Following a 4.1 g/kg dose of ethanol, intraperitoneally, short sleep (SS) mice lose their righting reflex for a duration of 20 minutes and long sleep (LS) mice fail to regain their righting reflex until 120 minutes. A significant increase in TH activity occurred in the striatum, locus coeruleus and frontal cortex in both lines of mice approximately 25 minutes following ethanol administration. A decrease in TH activity occurred in the substantia nigra of SS mice at 5 minutes following ethanol administration. However, there was no significant differences in TH activity in any of these four brain regions between LS and SS mice at any time following ethanol administration. In contrast, hypothalamic TH activity was significantly increased at 25 minutes in the SS mice and at 125 minutes in the LS mice following the administration of ethanol, times which coincided with the regaining of the righting reflex. These data suggest that activation of TH in the hypothalamus of LS and SS mice in response to ethanol is associated with arousal from ethanol induced narcosis.