Regional, cellular, and subcellular distribution of Thy-1 antigen in rat nervous tissues.

The regional, cellular, and subcellular distribution of Thy-1 antigen in rat nervous tissues was investigated with rabbit and anti-rat thymus antiserum. Thy-1 antigen was found most abundantly in the cerebrum, including the cerebral cortical layer, caudate nucleus, thalamus, and hypothalamus, and in the midbrain. It was found in lower amounts in the pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and spinal cord. The content of Thy-1 antigen, however, was low in the retina, cervical sympathetic ganglion, and sciatic nerve, and there was little in the pineal body and adrenal medulla. Thy-1 antigen was present in the neuronal cell-enriched fraction, whereas the glial cell-enriched fraction lacked Thy-1 antigen. In a subcellular fractionation study, Thy-1 antigen was found to occur mainly in the synaptosomal membrane and microsomes and was low in the highly purified myelin fraction. The amount of Thy-1 antigen in the cerebral synaptosomal fraction was much higher than those in the cerebellar synaptosomal fraction. The distribution of Thy-1 antigen among the respective areas within the cerebrum was not significantly different, and it is suggested that Thy-1 antigen may be present evenly in the neuronal membranes of the cerebrum. Based on these results, Thy-1 antigen is considered to represent a useful marker of cerebral neuronal membranes, especially in the synaptic region, regardless of the kind of neurotransmitters.