Adrenal influence on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in superior cervical ganglion.

The involvement of adrenal hormones as regulatory factors in maintaining physiological levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was examined in mouse superior cervical ganglion. Following bilateral adrenalectomy, TH activity in the ganglion fell at a slow but steady rate, reaching 60-65% of the control levels after 2 weeks. Decentralization is known also to reduce TH activity in the ganglion. The effects of adrenalectomy and decentralization were therefore compared, and they were found to be additive, indicating different mechanisms in the two cases. The reduction of TH activity following adrenalectomy was not prevented by replacement with corticosterone (0.5 mg/kg, daily). However, replacement with epinephrine (4 mg/kg, daily) completely prevented the fall of TH activity in adrenalectomized animals. Isoproterenol, a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, was as effective as epinephrine in preventing the reduction of TH activity following adrenalectomy. Furthermore, in intact animals, chronic administration of SKF 64139, an inhibitor of adrenal PNMT which depletes circulating epinephrine levels, also reduced ganglionic TH activity to the same level as that after adrenalectomy. These results indicate that epinephrine, but not corticosterone, is the adrenal factor required for physiological maintenance of normal levels of TH in the superior cervical ganglion.