Intratumoral autologous mononuclear cells in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. A phase 1 (toxicity) study.

Four patients with malignant gliomas recurring after surgical resection, radiotherapy and chemotherapy were entered into a trial of immunotherapy. Partial removal of the recurrent tumors was performed and autologous mononuclear cell infusions were given into the resection cavity via a subgaleal reservoir that had been inserted at the time of tumor resection. Mononuclear cells were obtained using a cell separator and Ficoll-hypaque separation techniques. Patients were followed carefully with clinical examinations, CT brain scans and immunological testing. All patients have died and complete autopsies were done. We looked specifically for evidence of mononuclear cell penetration into the tumor and possible adverse effects on the normal brain or in the rest of the body. The results indicate that this type of therapy can be performed safely and may be useful in the treatment of patients with malignant gliomas.