Extramedullary hematopoiesis with multiple tumor-simulating mediastinal masses in a patient with beta-thalassemia intermedia.

A patient with beta-thalassemia intermedia with massive extramedullary hematopoiesis in the mediastinum is presented. These masses, which simulate tumors, are usually asymptomatic only rarely causing spinal cord compression. The histologic examination showed that they consist of hematopoietic tissue. The importance of correct diagnosis without surgery is stressed.