The treatment of hepatic encephalopathy by colectomy: case report and review of the literature.

A 64-year-old alcoholic patient with cirrhosis and bleeding esophageal varices developed hepatic encephalopathy following portacaval shunt. The etiology of this syndrome is believed to be related to the absorption of toxic nitrogenous substances derived from the activity of bacteria in the large bowel. Treatment consisted of a low protein diet, frequent purgation, and oral neomycin. Even on a 20-g. protein diet the patient deteriorated to a state approaching coma. Colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis was performed with good result. The patient remained alert and active with no recurrences of cerebral disturbance while enjoying a 60-g. protein diet. No additional treatment was necessary. The literature on colectomy in the treatment of this condition, while brief, reports similar good results. Further trial of colectomy is recommended for cases refractory to more conservative methods of management.