Literature DB >> 564014

The formalin test: a quantitative study of the analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and brain stem stimulation in rats and cats.

David Dubuisson1, Stephen G Dennis.   

Abstract

A method for assessing pain and analgesia in rats and cats is described. The procedure involves subcutaneous injection of dilute formalin into the forepaw, after which the animal's responses are rated according to objective behavioral criteria. The formalin test is a statistically valid technique which has two advantages over other pain tests: (1) little or no restraint is necessary, permitting unhindered observation of the complete range of behavioral responses; and (2) the pain stimulus is continuous rather than transient, thus bearing greater resemblance to most clinical pain. The analgesic effects of morphine, meperidine, and stimulation of the periaqueductal grey matter are evaluated using this test.

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Year:  1977        PMID： 564014     DOI： 10.1016/0304-3959(77)90130-0

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Pain        ISSN： 0304-3959            Impact factor:   6.961


  380 in total

1.  The affective component of pain in rodents: direct evidence for a contribution of the anterior cingulate cortex.

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Journal:  J Neurosci       Date:  2001-06-01       Impact factor: 6.167

Review 3.  Dopamine tunes prefrontal outputs to orchestrate aversive processing.

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4.  The effect of intra-cerebroventricular injection of insulin on nociception of formalin test in non-diabetic and short-term diabetic rat models.

Authors:  Sh Balali Dehkordi; J Sajedianfard; A A Owji
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5.  Mapping of reinforcing and analgesic effects of the mu opioid agonist endomorphin-1 in the ventral midbrain of the rat.

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7.  The use of clinical trial simulation to support dose selection: application to development of a new treatment for chronic neuropathic pain.

Authors:  Peter A Lockwood; Jack A Cook; Wayne E Ewy; Jaap W Mandema
Journal:  Pharm Res       Date:  2003-11       Impact factor: 4.200

8.  GR94839, a kappa-opioid agonist with limited access to the central nervous system, has antinociceptive activity.

Authors:  H Rogers; P J Birch; S M Harrison; E Palmer; G R Manchee; D B Judd; A Naylor; D I Scopes; A G Hayes
Journal:  Br J Pharmacol       Date:  1992-08       Impact factor: 8.739

9.  Synergism between fentanyl and tramadol in tonic inflammatory pain: the orofacial formalin test.

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Journal:  Inflammation       Date:  2012-06       Impact factor: 4.092

10.  The Peripheral Versus Central Antinociception of a Novel Opioid Agonist: Acute Inflammatory Pain in Rats.

Authors:  Mihály Balogh; Zoltán S Zádori; Bernadette Lázár; Dávid Karádi; Szilvia László; Shaaban A Mousa; Sándor Hosztafi; Ferenc Zádor; Pál Riba; Michael Schäfer; Susanna Fürst; Mahmoud Al-Khrasani
Journal:  Neurochem Res       Date:  2018-05-03       Impact factor: 3.996
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