The identification of globin messenger ribonucleic acid in newt erythropoietic cells.

Polyadenylated [poly(A)+]-RNA isolated from newt (Triturus cristatus) erythropoietic cells contained two main species sedimenting at 9S and 25S, and minor amounts of a 15-20S component. The 9S poly(A)+-RNA fraction induced synthesis of newt haemoglobin and globins in frog oocytes and in an mRNA-dependent rabbit reticulocyte lysate, confirming its identity as newt globin mRNA. Translation of 9S globin mRNA in reticulocyte lysate was concentration-dependent, the patterns of globin synthesis suggesting both preferential utilization and unequal amounts of the different globin mRNA subspecies. Globin mRNA activity was also evident in the 25S poly(A)+-RNA fraction whose localization in polyribosomes excluded its function as a nuclear globin mRNA precursor. Denaturation in formamide and estimation of its relative methyl content indicated that the 25S poly(A)+-RNA fraction contained equimolar amounts of 9S globin mRNA and 26S rRNA. Translation of the 25S fraction in reticulocyte lysate was less efficient than that of comparable amounts of 9S globin mRNA and induced a pattern of globin synthesis similar to that obtained with subsaturating amounts of 9S mRNA. The 25S mRNA-rRNA complex was considered to be a non-physiological aggregate generated by extraction of RNA in the presence of buffers of moderate to high ionic strength.