Division delay induced in Escherichia coli by near-ultraviolet radiation.

Beams of near-ultraviolet radiation at several principal emission lines of a mercury arc were isolated with a grating monochromator and directed upon cell suspensions. During subsequent incubation at room temperature in Nutrient Broth, the population was studied by removing samples and obtaining cell numbers and cell size distributions with an electronic cell counter. Division delay without lethality was observed. The shapes of the dose-response curves for induction, the doses of near-ultraviolet radiation required, and the action spectrum for division delay were found to be similar to those for growth delay (in broth) and for photoprotection. These findings indicate that all three effects, division delay, growth delay, and photoprotection, are induced by a common type of critical event. Changes in cell size distribution in the culture during incubation in Nutrient Broth after near-ultraviolet irradiation are very similar for control and irradiated populations, although these changes occur at a much later time in the irradiated population. This indicates that, in Nutrient Broth, the population recovers completely from the inhibition of growth and division, thus justifying use of the term "delay," and suggesting that the damage is nongenetic.