Contractile mechanisms in flagella.

The elastic theory of flexural waves in thin rods accurately predicts the velocity of flagellar bending waves over a wide range of viscosities. This shows that flagella behave as a purely mechanical system for the transmission of these waves. An evaluation of the total bending moment reveals that this moment occurs in phase over the entire length of a flagellum. From this it is concluded that each contractile fiber in the flagella is activated simultaneously over its whole length. The magnitude of the bending moment decreases linearly along the flagellum. This is most easily explained by a sliding filament hypothesis in flagella with the elementary 9 + 2 fibers. The expression found for the bending moment explains logically that the wave velocity in flagella is determined by their mechanical properties and the outside viscosity only.