Ocular injuries associated with periorbital fractures.

The incidence of serious ocular injuries found in association with periorbital fractures, 10%, was determined through a retrospective review of 230 patient records. Eye injury was most frequently in conjunction with supraorbital fractures. A brief survey of the diagnosis and treatment of the injuries identified, loss of visual acuity, global laceration or rupture, retinal contusion, intraocular hemorrhage, glaucoma, and optic nerve damage, is presented, with special emphasis on the importance of the acute physical examination of the eye and determination of the visual acuity. Use of the recently developed method of diagnosing glaucoma and determining visual acuity, the Arden Sine Wave Grating, is discussed.