Hydrocephalus in tuberculous meningitis in children: treatment with acetazolamide and repeated lumbar puncture.

Increased intracranial pressure was found in 36 of 49 children with tuberculous meningitis. Four patients who presented with acute onset died early. Eight patients with obstructive hydrocephalus were treated surgically. In the 24 patients who had communicating hydrocephalus and were treated with acetazolamide and repeated lumbar punctures, treatment was successful in all but two, in whom shunt surgery was needed.