[Nephrotic syndrome by diffuse mesangial sclerosis (author's transl)].

This case deals with a 15-month old male child affected with a nephrotic syndrome resulting in grave chronic renal failure, determined histologically as diffuse mesangial sclerosis. The most frequent causes of nephrotic syndrome in the first year of life are analyzed along wiht their diagnostic differential, with special attention to the Finish or microcystic congenital nephrotic syndrome and to diffuse mesangial sclerosis. In the discussion contradictions existing in the bibliography on diffuse mesangial sclerosis are shown in its clinical and developmental aspects as well as the prognostic and even in the pathological anatomy, which leads us to believe that this illness may be more complex than what it appears, and subdividing it into illnesses of different etiology, development and prognosis; or that some of the cases. described as such may not be the same as those described by R. Habib in 1973. In the present case the deposits of C3 and IgM are worth noting, as they were not described in the other 11 cases, also the study done with the electron microscope, which also was not done in the previous cases.