Renal and hindlimb vascular control during acute emotion in the baboon.

Blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen consumption, and blood flow to the renal and hind-limb vasculatures were measured in healthy, unanesthetized baboons (Papio cynocephalus) in a controlled environment. Appropriate behavioral techniques were applied to allow the reproducible elicitation of a conditional emotional response (CER). Section of renal nerves and autonomic pharmacologic interventions were used to determine the mechanisms for the cardiovascular responses accompanying the CER. The resistance changes in the renal and hind-limb vascular beds were generated by rapid, neurally mediated vasoconstriction of the renal vasculature and by a slower acting, circulating vasoactive agent, most probably epinephrine, which causes a delayed second constriction in the renal bed and a net dilation in the hind limbs.