Studies on purified rheumatoid synovial collagenase in vitro and in vivo.

Rheumatoid synovial collagenase obtained from culture medium can be separated by Sephadex gel filtration into two peaks of enzyme activity. These have been designated as fast-moving and slow-moving rheumatoid synovial collagenases on the basis of their electrophoretic mobility on polyacrylamide gels. The slow-moving rheumatoid synovial collagenase has been highly purified by affinity chromatography on collagen conjugated to Sepharose and used to prepare a monospecific anti-synovial collagenase antiserum. The antiserum against rheumatoid synovial collagenase has permitted the demonstration of immunoreactive collagenase in extracts of rheumatoid synovial tissue that have no detectable enzymatic activity. Collagenase has also been detected immunologically in enzymatically inactive culture medium from the first 24 hr of culture. Recovery of collagenase activity appears to be related to the chromatographic separation of the enzyme from serum antiproteases. The demonstration of collagenase in vivo in rheumatoid synovium adds further support for the concept that the enzyme is present in tissue at levels that are of significance in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, rheumatoid synovial collagenase and human skin collagenase show complete immunologic identity when reacted with monospecific antiserum prepared against either of these purified enzymes, indicating that organ specificity between these two human collagenases is unlikely.