Evaluation of mental task strain based on occipital beta activity and subjective rating of task difficulty.

Occipital midline beta-2 (Oz beta 2) amplitudes and subjective ratings of task difficulty were measured in 24 healthy male students, aged 19-23 years, performing four kinds of mental task (transcribing, cancelling, adding, and calculating) at two grades of self-pace (maximum workload and moderate workload) for 5 min each. Significant differences in Oz beta 2 amplitudes were observed between the tasks at either workload, except between the adding task and the calculating task. However no significant difference in the subjective ratings was observed between the tasks at either workload, except between the adding task and the calculating task or the cancelling task at maximum workload. Thus the Oz beta 2 amplitude was more sensitive to differentiation of task strain between the mental tasks, than the subjective rating. In comparison with the critical levels deduced previously, it was estimated from the Oz beta 2 amplitudes that all the tasks at either workload could induce heavy task strain in the subject, except for the cancelling task at moderate workload. From the subjective ratings, however, it was estimated that no task could induce heavy task strain in the subject. It was, moreover, suggested that the Oz beta 2 amplitudes reflected the difference in the quality of cortical functions and that the subjective ratings of task difficulty were associated with time pressure rather than the quality of cortical functions.