Standardized nomenclature of the ventricular septum and ventricular septal defects, with applications for two-dimensional echocardiography.

The anatomy of the ventricular septum is reviewed, and ventricular septal defects are classified on the basis of their position and the presence or absence of septal malalignment. The standardized nomenclature for the various types of ventricular septal defects is presented, and analysis of these defects by two-dimensional echocardiography is described.