Ideological dimensions of community participation in Latin American health programs.

A comparative analysis of community participation in urban and agricultural programs, and health programs in Latin America suggests that the promotion of community participation was based in all cases on two false assumptions: the belief that the traditional values of the poor were the main obstacle for development and for health improvement; and the idea that the poor were incapable of organizing themselves. A country by country examination indicates that health participation programs in Latin America, in spite of promotional efforts by international agencies, have not succeeded. Then, the article discusses the political objectives behind international support for these programs. It is argued that, through symbolic participation, international agencies had two purposes in mind: the legitimization of low quality care for the poor, also known as primary health; and the generation of much needed support from the masses for the liberal democracies and authoritarian regimes of the region.