Immunochemical comparison of phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase-indoleglycerol phosphate synthetase among the Enterobacteriaceae.

The bifunctional enzyme of the tryptophan operon, phosphoribosylanthranilate isomerase-indoleglycerol phosphate synthetase (PRAI-InGPS;EC 4.1.1.48), was characterized by an immunochemical study of six representative members of the Enterobacteriaceae: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia marcescens, Erwinia carotovora, and Proteus vulgaris. PRAI-InGPS was purified from E. coli, and antisera were prepared in rabbits. These antisera were utilized in quantitative microcomplement fixation allowing for a comparison of the overall antigenic surface structure of the various homologous enzymes. These data showed E. coli PRAI-InGPS and S. marcescens and E. carotovora PRAI-InGPS (taken as a group) to have an index of dissimilarity of approximately 10, whereas the other organisms had values intermediate. In addition, antiserum to E. coli tryptophan synthetase beta2 subunit was used in microcomplement fixation to extend the previous comparison of this subunit (Rocha, Crawford, and Mills, 1972) to E. carotovora and P. vulgaris. Indexes of dissimilarity for E. coli compared to P. vulgaris of E. carotovora were 1.0 and 1.7, respectively. Agar immunodiffusion using PRAI-Ingps antisera showed significant cross-reaction among E. coli, E. aerogenes, S. typhimurium, and P. vulgaris whereas the enzymes from S. marcescens and E. carotovora cross-reacted to a lesser extent, with the latter reaction being quite weak. Comparative enzyme neutralization using E. coli PRAI-InGPS antisera showed significant cross-reactions among the enzymes in that all were neutralized at least 25%. The data taken together indicate that the trpC gene products in the Enterobacteriaceae are a homologous group of proteins, that the genetic divergene of the trpC gene is basically the same as the trpA gene, and that both are less conserved than the trpB gene. Furthermore, the PRAI-InGPS, enzyme active site appears to represent a more evolutionarily conserved region of the protein. These findings indicate that, with respect to PRAI-InGPS, similarity to E. coli among the organisms examined is in the following order: (E. aerogenes, S. typhimurium, P. vulgaris) greater than (S. marcescens, E. carotovora).