Problems experienced by residents in internal medicine training.

A review of the literature and the experience of a residency program in internal medicine indicate that house officers have special problems during training. Some are shared by all residents, whereas others are unique to certain groups. These problems are caused by historical and cultural factors that have led to the current structure of many residency programs and often interfere with the parallel development of professional, personal and family growth. Program directors and chiefs of service need to be flexible and humane and should negotiate clear expectations with house staff to allow efficient functioning of the residency program and insightful personal growth.