Social networks, stress, and physical health: a longitudinal study of an inner-city elderly population.

Research examining the relationship between social networks, stress, and physical symptoms has been limited by rudimentary network measures and the lack of longitudinal data. Using 19 network variables, the authors followed 133 elderly residents of mid-Manhattan hotels for 1 year. The findings indicated that social networks exert a direct effect on reducing subsequent physical symptoms. Moreover, social networks also act to reduce symptoms by buffering the effect of increased levels of stress. Of clinical relevance was the finding that combining knowledge of patients' social networks with their current health status predicts their future health status with an exceedingly high degree of certainty. Consequently, intervention to reinforce a network can be as clinically significant as implementing a medical procedure.