Human bronchial leucocyte proteinase inhibitor. Rapid isolation and kinetic analysis with human leucocyte proteinases.

Bronchial leucocyte proteinase inhibitor (BLPI) is an 11 000 Mr protein found in human mucous secretions. This inhibitor apparently controls the serine proteinases elastase and cathepsin G, released from extravascular polymorphonuclear leucocytes. A simple, single-step chromatographic procedure for the isolation of BLPI based on its affinity for chymotrypsin was developed. The purified inhibitor was homogeneous by electrophoresis and gel filtration. Amino acid analyses were in close agreement with previous reports, and showed BLPI to be rich in proline and cystine, but lacking histidine. We have further characterized the role of BLPI with respect to human leucocyte elastase and cathepsin G by close examination of the kinetic parameters. Additionally, we have determined the kinetics of association (kon) and dissociation (koff) for BLPI with bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin. Equilibrium dissociation constants (Ki) of 1.87 X 10(-10) M, 4.18 X 10(-9) M, 8.28 X 10(-9) M and 2.63 X 10(-8) M were obtained for human leucocyte elastase, cathepsin G, bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin, respectively. These results are discussed with respect to BLPI's possible function in vivo and its role relative to other inhibitors in bronchial secretions.