Mental illness and the media: an assessment of attitudes and communication.

Media coverage of psychiatric issues will reflect or influence public perceptions of the mentally ill. In order to explore the relationship between psychiatry and the media, an attitudinal questionnaire was administered to a systematic sample of 20 reporters, 20 psychiatrists, 20 medical outpatients with no psychiatric history, and 40 psychiatric inpatients. In addition, 4 psychiatric patients who had personal experience with media coverage were interviewed to determine the impact. Their stories are presented as clinical vignettes. The results of the questionnaire survey show that media reporters are no less accepting of mental illness than the other groups. A regression analysis of attitudinal predictors elicit education as more significant than age and media exposure. Yet low scores for the coverage by the media of mental illness were given by all groups with psychiatrists tending to be most critical. Reasons offered by reporters included "sensationalism sells" along with cost and time factors. Recommendations for both reporters and psychiatrists groups were collated, aiming at improving communication and ensuring a more positive emphasis and greater accuracy of media coverage of mental health issues.