Composition of the pelvic nerve.

Surgical interruption of the pelvic nerve elevated immunoreactive vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the major pelvic ganglion of the rat. Two changes were noted: (i) varicose and smooth fibers appeared in the neuropil and (ii) a small number of ganglion cells became highly reactive for the polypeptide. A more proximal transection of preganglionic parasympathetic fibers, at their origin from spinal nerves, had no effect on vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity. Ganglion cells were labeled when a dye was applied to the cut distal end of the pelvic nerve. We conclude that a population of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-containing neurons in the major pelvic ganglion send their axons proximally in the pelvic nerve.