Primary hyperparathyroidism. A study of 100 patients in Johannesburg.

This study comprised 100 white patients with primary hyperparathyroidism treated between 1975 and 1984. Of these, 75 attended Johannesburg Hospital and 25 were managed by private practitioners. The mean age was 56.4 +/- 1.4 years at the time of diagnosis. There were almost twice as many women as men. In patients attending Johannesburg Hospital there was a progressive increase in the detection rate after 1979, which corresponded with the introduction of automated multichannel serum analysis. The commonest major complications were renal stones (54%), renal insufficiency (27%), a history of skeletal fractures (12%), radiographic evidence of osteopenia (38%) and peptic ulcers (20%). Bone disease was particularly common in postmenopausal women (64%). Other notable features were the frequency of weakness and fatigue (40%) and hypertension (45%). Coincidental thyroid abnormalities were frequent (18%). Ninety-three patients were treated surgically; 76 (81.7%) had a single adenoma. Our findings are compared with those of other large series. This study indicates the need for a greater awareness of this condition and earlier diagnosis to forestall the development of its harmful complications, and for the collection of additional information from a prospective study.