Structural wrinkles and the genomic regulatory sites of eukaryotes.

Calculations of DNA angular parameters in 50 eukaryotic sequences reveal regions of large conformational deviations from ideal DNA around regulatory sites. Frequently, discrete peaks of structural variation are present upstream of genes. Known regulatory regions often include variants of consensus sequences. Thus, imprecise sequences and structures are recognized within large genomic stretches. The existence of structurally "wrinkled" regions in the vicinity of regulatory sequences is likely to facilitate greatly their recognition by proteins and enzymes.