Evaluation of a direct immunofluorescence test for diagnosing gonorrhoea.

A new direct immunofluorescence reagent (Syva and Genetic Systems Inc) was evaluated for its ability to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae in specimens from populations with a high prevalence of the infection. Gonorrhoea was diagnosed by culture in 45 of 105 (43%) urethral specimens from men and 17 of 90 (28%) urethral and 25 of 60 (42%) cervical specimens from women. In men the immunofluorescence test had a sensitivity of 84.4% and a specificity of 100%; Gram staining gave values of 94% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity of the immunofluorescence test could be increased to 89% by testing duplicate smears. In women the immunofluorescence test had a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 98% for urethral samples and values of 72% and 94%, respectively for cervical samples. At both sites the sensitivity of the Gram stain was 40% and the specificity 100%. The testing of duplicate immunofluorescence smears increased the sensitivity to 76% for urethral and 88% for cervical samples.