Dietary control of diabetes: reality or myth?

Recognition of the condition of diabetes mellitus and speculation as to its dietary treatment spans the period from its earliest mention in the Papyrus Ebers, before Christ, to the most recent publication of the American Diabetes Association. The relationship of carbohydrates to protein, fats, and total calories has consistently engaged the minds of clinicians over the centuries. Various combinations have been used, some highly unpalatable and some bordering on starvation; but to date our knowledge regarding the metabolic consequences of various dietary regimens is incomplete and in need of further research. The composition of a diet that will result in the best blood glucose control for diabetic persons is uncertain and controversial. Whether dietary changes can significantly delay or prevent long-term complications of diabetes has also been questioned. The insistence that a diabetic person rigidly adhere to a specific diet cannot be defended scientifically.