Distal bypass for limb salvage in very elderly patients.

During the last 3 1/2 years, 40 bypasses to a tibial or peroneal artery (distal bypass) were performed for severe leg ischemia in 34 patients who were 80 years of age or older (range, 80-91; mean, 85). The operative mortality rate was 5 per cent. Cumulative life-table limb salvage rates for the 40 extremities were 91 per cent at 1 year and 81 per cent at 3 years. Graft patency rates at 1 and 3 years were 88 per cent and 56 per cent, respectively. Survival rates for the 36 patients were 91 per cent and 58 per cent at 1 and 3 years, respectively. Among 134 patients younger than 80 years who underwent 142 distal bypasses during the same 3 1/2-year period, no operative deaths occurred. In this younger group, cumulative life-table rates at 1 and 3 years were 89 per cent and 89 per cent, respectively, for limb salvage, 86 per cent and 85 per cent, respectively, for graft patency, and 93 per cent and 78 per cent, respectively, for survival. There were no statistically significant differences in these figures for the younger group when compared with corresponding figures for the older group. Among the 36 very elderly patients who underwent distal bypass for limb salvage, 24 patients (67%) with 25 revascularized limbs are alive and have a salvaged, functional extremity after follow-up as long as 41 months (mean, 21 months). These results suggest that an aggressive approach using distal bypass is warranted for limb salvage in very elderly patients.