Ureteral endoscopy with passively deflectable, irrigating flexible ureteroscopes.

Flexible, passively deflectable fiberoptic ureteroscopes were used in 18 selected patients. The flexible endoscope must be stabilized with a cystoscope, flexible introducer sheath, or guide wire for placement through the urethra and bladder into the ureter. Irrigation through the instrument is beneficial in clearing the visual field and distending the lumen. These instruments can visualize the lumen of the ureter, and the medial and superior portion of the renal pelvis and intrarenal collecting systems. Their diagnostic value is limited to selected clinical situations.