Secondary rhinoplasty of the nasal tip and columella. The choice of cartilage grafts.

Aesthetic improvement of the nasal tip requires both surgical skill and artistic judgement, and is the area where post-surgical stigma may most frequently be apparent. Important aesthetic guidelines are described, and techniques which the author considers unsatisfactory are listed. A simple basic technique is recommended for routine procedures, which may then be varied according to special needs. Preferred methods of raising the tip, augmentation of the tip and correction of secondary deformities are outlined. The aim throughout is to employ those techniques which create a natural appearance, both visual and tactile.