Neurovascular anatomy and elbow arthroscopy: inherent risks.

Five cadaver elbows were examined arthroscopically. Detailed dissections of superficial cutaneous nerves and of deeper neurovascular structures were carried out either before or after arthroscopic examination. Normal neurovascular anatomy and variants were defined in relation to standard portal placement. The danger of neurovascular injury is emphasized due to inappropriate portals, direction of entry, or elbow position. A safe, reliable, and reproducible technique is defined.