Focal glomerulosclerosis and renal transplantation.

Eighteen patients with corticosteroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome developed end-stage renal disease and received one or more renal allografts. The lesion of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and/or of focal glomerular obsolescence was demonstrable in the native kidneys of each patient. Following transplantation, nephrosis developed in three recipients. Two recipients developed nephrosis at two weeks and nine months posttransplant in association with rejection; the lesion of FGS was present in association with chronic rejection. Only one recipient developed recurrence of nephrosis and FGS unrelated to rejection. This was manifested by immediate onset of nephrosis in two successive allografts and histologic evidence of the lesion of FGS. The immediate recurrence in successive allografts suggests a circulating factor responsible for the renal lesion in this patient and indicates a separate etiology for a small number of patients with corticosteroid-resistant nephrosis and FGS.