A comparison between gap-length and Waterston classification as guides to mortality and morbidity after surgery for esophageal atresia.

In a retrospective study of tracheoesophageal fistula repairs in the Oxford Region, 1968 to 1982, 64 consecutive cases were classified according to Waterston group and gap length (less than 2 cm or greater than 2 cm); where possible their current status was assessed by interview or questionnaire. Waterston group and gap length varied independently. Both affected the course of the first admission but thereafter, Waterston classification was a poor prognostic guide. However, those with a long gap were significantly more likely to have respiratory and swallowing difficulties and stunted growth.