Acetylation and phosphorylation of histones and nonhistone chromosomal proteins in neuronal and glial nuclei purified from cerebral hemispheres of developing rat brain.

The processes of acetylation and phosphorylation of histones and nonhistone proteins (NHPs) in neuronal and glial nuclei purified from cerebral hemispheres of rats at 1, 10, and 30 days of age were investigated. Purified neuronal and glial nuclei were incubated in the presence of [3H]acetyl-CoA and of [gamma-32P]ATP. Histones and NHPs were extracted and fractionated by gel electrophoresis. Densitometric and radioactive patterns were obtained. The results showed an increase of acetylation and phosphorylation from 1 to 10 and 30 days of age in both neuronal and glial nuclei in almost all histone and NHP fractions. Among the histones, the H3 fraction was always more labeled than the other fractions and showed the most remarkable differences during postnatal development. In the NHP fractions, the increase in acetylation from 1 to 10 and 30 days of age was more evident in the low-molecular-weight region of neuronal nuclei than in the corresponding fraction of glial nuclei. The appearance of highly phosphorylated proteins (70,000-90,000 daltons)--absent at 1 day, appearing at 10 days, and more evident at 30 days of age--was observed in both neuronal and glial nuclei.