Evaluation of a new radioimmunoassay for urinary albumin.

We have evaluated a new commercially available radioimmunoassay kit for albumin determination in urine. The assay is precise; within-run precision (CV) in the clinically significant ranges is 1.8-3.5%, between-run, 1.2-8.5%. The minimum detection limit was 0.6 micrograms/ml. Analytic recovery of different concentrations of albumin added to urine ranged from 98% to 103%. Samples, stored in plastic containers, were stable at room temperature for periods up to 7 days. Mean albumin excretion rates, measured in 20 normal volunteers for 3-h and 24-h periods during the same day were similar (7.1 +/- 4.6 [SD] versus 6.5 +/- 5.0 micrograms/min). In 8 normal subjects, 3-h excretion rates measured daily for 5 days showed no significant variability. In eight insulin-dependent diabetic subjects, albumin excretion measured in short periods of urine collection (3 h) were also in close agreement with 24-h collections (24.7 +/- 28.9 versus 17.6 +/- 18 micrograms/min). From these results it appears that this commercially available kit is suitable for conveniently monitoring microalbuminuria in large numbers of patients in research studies as well as for office practice. Such widespread use should make it possible to better determine the clinical usefulness of this test in the management of diabetic patients.