Transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney with extension into the inferior vena cava.

A case of transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney, invading the inferior vena cava, is presented. Preoperative diagnosis is almost impossible and frozen section is necessary to decide the type of surgery. Radical surgery with removal of thrombi was performed in our patient but was obviously not helpful. The value of aggressive surgery is not clear. This may be the 6th case in the literature.