Jiamei Zhang1,2, Zhening Liu1,2, Yicheng Long1,2, Haojuan Tao1,2, Xuan Ouyang1,2, Guowei Wu1,2, Min Chen3, Miaoyu Yu4, Liang Zhou5, Meng Sun5, Dongsheng Lv6, Guangcheng Cui7, Qizhong Yi8, Hong Tang9, Cuixia An10, Jianjian Wang11,12,13, Zhipeng Wu14,15,16. 1. Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. 2. China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China. 4. Department of Mental Health, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China. 5. Department of Social Psychiatry, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 6. Department of Mental Health Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, The Affiliated Mental Center of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, China. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, China. 8. Psychological Medicine Center, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China. 9. Department of Psychiatry, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China. 10. Department of Psychiatry, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China. 11. Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. wangjianjian@csu.edu.cn. 12. China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. wangjianjian@csu.edu.cn. 13. Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. wangjianjian@csu.edu.cn. 14. Second Xiangya Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. wu2204@csu.edu.cn. 15. China National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China. wu2204@csu.edu.cn. 16. Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. wu2204@csu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The association between childhood trauma (CT) and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) is well-established. Many previous studies have recognized wisdom as a protective factor for mental health, but its role in the relation between CT and PLEs remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the mediating effect of wisdom in the above association among Chinese college students. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide survey covering 9 colleges across China and recruited a total of 5873 students using online questionnaires between September 14 and October 18, 2021. Convenience sampling was adopted. We employed the San Diego Wisdom Scale (SD-WISE), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), and the 15-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-15) to measure the wisdom, CT and PLEs, respectively. Descriptive, correlation, and mediation analysis were utilized. RESULTS: The positive correlation between CT and PLEs was well-replicated among college students (Pearson's r = 0.30, p < 0.001). Wisdom was negatively associated with CT (Pearson's r = - 0.46, p < 0.001) and frequency of PLEs (Pearson's r = - 0.25, p < 0.001). Total wisdom scores partially mediated the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma, neglect, abuse and PLEs, separately. The mediated model respectively explained 21.9%, 42.54% and 18.27% of the effect of CT on PLEs. Our model further suggested that childhood trauma could be related to PLEs through decreasing the following wisdom components: decisiveness, emotional regulation and prosocial behavior. CONCLUSION: For the first time, our results suggested that impaired wisdom played a role in the translation from childhood adversity to subclinical psychotic symptoms, implicating wisdom as a possible target for early intervention for psychosis among young individuals. Longitudinal work is warranted to verify the clinical implications.
BACKGROUND: The association between childhood trauma (CT) and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) is well-established. Many previous studies have recognized wisdom as a protective factor for mental health, but its role in the relation between CT and PLEs remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the mediating effect of wisdom in the above association among Chinese college students. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide survey covering 9 colleges across China and recruited a total of 5873 students using online questionnaires between September 14 and October 18, 2021. Convenience sampling was adopted. We employed the San Diego Wisdom Scale (SD-WISE), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), and the 15-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-15) to measure the wisdom, CT and PLEs, respectively. Descriptive, correlation, and mediation analysis were utilized. RESULTS: The positive correlation between CT and PLEs was well-replicated among college students (Pearson's r = 0.30, p < 0.001). Wisdom was negatively associated with CT (Pearson's r = - 0.46, p < 0.001) and frequency of PLEs (Pearson's r = - 0.25, p < 0.001). Total wisdom scores partially mediated the relationship between cumulative childhood trauma, neglect, abuse and PLEs, separately. The mediated model respectively explained 21.9%, 42.54% and 18.27% of the effect of CT on PLEs. Our model further suggested that childhood trauma could be related to PLEs through decreasing the following wisdom components: decisiveness, emotional regulation and prosocial behavior. CONCLUSION: For the first time, our results suggested that impaired wisdom played a role in the translation from childhood adversity to subclinical psychotic symptoms, implicating wisdom as a possible target for early intervention for psychosis among young individuals. Longitudinal work is warranted to verify the clinical implications.
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