Jihad Aljabban1, Michael Rohr2, Vincent J Borkowski1,1, Mary Nemer1,1, Eli Cohen3, Naima Hashi4, Hisham Aljabban5, Emmanuel Boateng3, Saad Syed6, Mohammed Mohammed7, Ali Mukhtar8, Dexter Hadley2, Maryam Panahiazar9. 1. University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, Madison, WI, United States. 2. University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, FL, United States. 3. Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States. 4. Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, MN, United States. 5. Barry University, Miami Shores, FL, United States. 6. Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States. 7. Windsor University School of Medicine, Saint Ketts and Nevis, Cayon. 8. Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States. 9. University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Abstract
Background: Crohn's Disease (CD) is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that affects millions of patients. While great strides have been made in treatment, namely in biologic therapy such as anti-TNF drugs, CD remains a significant health burden. Method: We conducted two meta-analyses using our STARGEO platform to tag samples from Gene Expression Omnibus. One analysis compares inactive colonic biopsies from CD patients to colonic biopsies from healthy patients as a control and the other compares colonic biopsies from active CD lesions to inactive lesions. Separate tags were created to tag colonic samples from inflamed biopsies (total of 65 samples) and quiescent tissue in CD patients (total of 39 samples), and healthy tissue from non-CD patients (total of 30 samples). Results from the two meta-analyses were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Results: For the inactive CD vs healthy tissue analysis, we noted FXR/RXR and LXR/RXR activation, superpathway of citrulline metabolism, and atherosclerosis signaling as top canonical pathways. The top upstream regulators include genes implicated in innate immunity, such as TLR3 and HNRNPA2B1, and sterol regulation through SREBF2. In addition, the sterol regulator SREBF2, lipid metabolism was the top disease network identified in IPA (Fig. 1). Top upregulated genes hold implications in innate immunity (DUOX2, REG1A/1B/3A) and cellular transport and absorption (ABCG5, NPC1L1, FOLH1, and SLC6A14). Top downregulated genes largely held roles in cell adhesion and integrity, including claudin 8, PAQR5, and PRKACB.For the active vs inactive CD analysis, we found immune cell adhesion and diapedesis, hepatic fibrosis/hepatic stellate cell activation, LPS/IL-1 inhibition of RXR function, and atherosclerosis as top canonical pathways. Top upstream regulators included inflammatory mediators LPS, TNF, IL1B, and TGFB1. Top upregulated genes function in the immune response such as IL6, CXCL1, CXCR2, MMP1/7/12, and PTGS2. Downregulated genes dealt with cellular metabolism and transport such as CPO, RBP2, G6PC, PCK1, GSTA1, and MEP1B. Conclusion: Our results build off established and recently described research in the field of CD. We demonstrate the use of our user-friendly platform, STARGEO, in investigating disease and finding therapeutic avenues.
Background: Crohn's Disease (CD) is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that affects millions of patients. While great strides have been made in treatment, namely in biologic therapy such as anti-TNF drugs, CD remains a significant health burden. Method: We conducted two meta-analyses using our STARGEO platform to tag samples from Gene Expression Omnibus. One analysis compares inactive colonic biopsies from CD patients to colonic biopsies from healthy patients as a control and the other compares colonic biopsies from active CD lesions to inactive lesions. Separate tags were created to tag colonic samples from inflamed biopsies (total of 65 samples) and quiescent tissue in CD patients (total of 39 samples), and healthy tissue from non-CD patients (total of 30 samples). Results from the two meta-analyses were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Results: For the inactive CD vs healthy tissue analysis, we noted FXR/RXR and LXR/RXR activation, superpathway of citrulline metabolism, and atherosclerosis signaling as top canonical pathways. The top upstream regulators include genes implicated in innate immunity, such as TLR3 and HNRNPA2B1, and sterol regulation through SREBF2. In addition, the sterol regulator SREBF2, lipid metabolism was the top disease network identified in IPA (Fig. 1). Top upregulated genes hold implications in innate immunity (DUOX2, REG1A/1B/3A) and cellular transport and absorption (ABCG5, NPC1L1, FOLH1, and SLC6A14). Top downregulated genes largely held roles in cell adhesion and integrity, including claudin 8, PAQR5, and PRKACB.For the active vs inactive CD analysis, we found immune cell adhesion and diapedesis, hepatic fibrosis/hepatic stellate cell activation, LPS/IL-1 inhibition of RXR function, and atherosclerosis as top canonical pathways. Top upstream regulators included inflammatory mediators LPS, TNF, IL1B, and TGFB1. Top upregulated genes function in the immune response such as IL6, CXCL1, CXCR2, MMP1/7/12, and PTGS2. Downregulated genes dealt with cellular metabolism and transport such as CPO, RBP2, G6PC, PCK1, GSTA1, and MEP1B. Conclusion: Our results build off established and recently described research in the field of CD. We demonstrate the use of our user-friendly platform, STARGEO, in investigating disease and finding therapeutic avenues.
Authors: Scott W Altmann; Harry R Davis; Li-Ji Zhu; Xiaorui Yao; Lizbeth M Hoos; Glen Tetzloff; Sai Prasad N Iyer; Maureen Maguire; Andrei Golovko; Ming Zeng; Luquan Wang; Nicholas Murgolo; Michael P Graziano Journal: Science Date: 2004-02-20 Impact factor: 47.728
Authors: Matthias A Hediger; Michael F Romero; Ji-Bin Peng; Andreas Rolfs; Hitomi Takanaga; Elspeth A Bruford Journal: Pflugers Arch Date: 2003-11-18 Impact factor: 3.657
Authors: Luke Jostins; Stephan Ripke; Rinse K Weersma; Richard H Duerr; Dermot P McGovern; Ken Y Hui; James C Lee; L Philip Schumm; Yashoda Sharma; Carl A Anderson; Jonah Essers; Mitja Mitrovic; Kaida Ning; Isabelle Cleynen; Emilie Theatre; Sarah L Spain; Soumya Raychaudhuri; Philippe Goyette; Zhi Wei; Clara Abraham; Jean-Paul Achkar; Tariq Ahmad; Leila Amininejad; Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan; Vibeke Andersen; Jane M Andrews; Leonard Baidoo; Tobias Balschun; Peter A Bampton; Alain Bitton; Gabrielle Boucher; Stephan Brand; Carsten Büning; Ariella Cohain; Sven Cichon; Mauro D'Amato; Dirk De Jong; Kathy L Devaney; Marla Dubinsky; Cathryn Edwards; David Ellinghaus; Lynnette R Ferguson; Denis Franchimont; Karin Fransen; Richard Gearry; Michel Georges; Christian Gieger; Jürgen Glas; Talin Haritunians; Ailsa Hart; Chris Hawkey; Matija Hedl; Xinli Hu; Tom H Karlsen; Limas Kupcinskas; Subra Kugathasan; Anna Latiano; Debby Laukens; Ian C Lawrance; Charlie W Lees; Edouard Louis; Gillian Mahy; John Mansfield; Angharad R Morgan; Craig Mowat; William Newman; Orazio Palmieri; Cyriel Y Ponsioen; Uros Potocnik; Natalie J Prescott; Miguel Regueiro; Jerome I Rotter; Richard K Russell; Jeremy D Sanderson; Miquel Sans; Jack Satsangi; Stefan Schreiber; Lisa A Simms; Jurgita Sventoraityte; Stephan R Targan; Kent D Taylor; Mark Tremelling; Hein W Verspaget; Martine De Vos; Cisca Wijmenga; David C Wilson; Juliane Winkelmann; Ramnik J Xavier; Sebastian Zeissig; Bin Zhang; Clarence K Zhang; Hongyu Zhao; Mark S Silverberg; Vito Annese; Hakon Hakonarson; Steven R Brant; Graham Radford-Smith; Christopher G Mathew; John D Rioux; Eric E Schadt; Mark J Daly; Andre Franke; Miles Parkes; Severine Vermeire; Jeffrey C Barrett; Judy H Cho Journal: Nature Date: 2012-11-01 Impact factor: 49.962