Raja Mehanna1, Katarzyna Smilowska2,3, Jori Fleisher4, Bart Post5, Taku Hatano6, Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte7, Kishore Raj Kumar8,9, Victor McConvey10, Baorong Zhang11, Eng-King Tan12, Rodolfo Savica13. 1. UTMove, Departement of Neurology University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA. 2. Department of Neurology Silesian Center of Neurology Katowice Poland. 3. Department of Neurology 5th Regional Hospital Sosnowiec Poland. 4. Department of Neurological Sciences Rush University School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA. 5. Department of Neurology Radboudumc Nijmegen The Netherlands. 6. Department of Neurology Juntendo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan. 7. Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy, and Occupational Therapy Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil. 8. Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia. 9. Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia. 10. Parkinson's Victoria Elwood Victoria Australia. 11. Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital Hangzhou China. 12. Department of Neurology National Neuroscience Institute Singapore Singapore. 13. Department of Neurology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.
Abstract
Background: Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD)/young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) is defined as Parkinson's disease (PD) with an age at onset (AAO) after age 21 years but before the usual AAO for PD. Consensus is lacking, and the reported maximal age for EOPD/YOPD has varied from 40 to 60 years, leading to a lack of uniformity in published studies and difficulty in harmonization of data. EOPD and YOPD have both been used in the literature, somewhat interchangeably. Objective: To define the nomenclature and AAO cutoff for EOPD/YOPD. Methods: An extensive review of the literature and task force meetings were conducted. Conclusions were reached by consensus. Results: First, the literature has seen a shift from the use of YOPD toward EOPD. This seems motivated by an attempt to avoid age-related stigmatization of patients. Second, in defining EOPD, 56% of the countries use 50 or 51 years as the cutoff age. Third, the majority of international genetic studies in PD use an age cutoff of younger than 50 years to define EOPD. Fourth, many studies suggest that changes in the estrogen level can affect the predisposition to develop PD, making the average age at menopause of 50 years an important factor to consider when defining EOPD. Fifth, considering the differential impact of the AAO of PD on professional and social life, using 50 years as the upper cutoff for the definition of EOPD seems reasonable. Conclusions: This task force recommends the use of EOPD rather than YOPD. It defines EOPD as PD with AAO after 21 years but before 50 years.
Background: Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD)/young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) is defined as Parkinson's disease (PD) with an age at onset (AAO) after age 21 years but before the usual AAO for PD. Consensus is lacking, and the reported maximal age for EOPD/YOPD has varied from 40 to 60 years, leading to a lack of uniformity in published studies and difficulty in harmonization of data. EOPD and YOPD have both been used in the literature, somewhat interchangeably. Objective: To define the nomenclature and AAO cutoff for EOPD/YOPD. Methods: An extensive review of the literature and task force meetings were conducted. Conclusions were reached by consensus. Results: First, the literature has seen a shift from the use of YOPD toward EOPD. This seems motivated by an attempt to avoid age-related stigmatization of patients. Second, in defining EOPD, 56% of the countries use 50 or 51 years as the cutoff age. Third, the majority of international genetic studies in PD use an age cutoff of younger than 50 years to define EOPD. Fourth, many studies suggest that changes in the estrogen level can affect the predisposition to develop PD, making the average age at menopause of 50 years an important factor to consider when defining EOPD. Fifth, considering the differential impact of the AAO of PD on professional and social life, using 50 years as the upper cutoff for the definition of EOPD seems reasonable. Conclusions: This task force recommends the use of EOPD rather than YOPD. It defines EOPD as PD with AAO after 21 years but before 50 years.
Authors: Kai Michael Kauther; Christine Höft; Ida Rissling; Wolfgang H Oertel; Jens Carsten Möller Journal: Mov Disord Date: 2011-08-02 Impact factor: 10.338
Authors: M Bozi; D Papadimitriou; R Antonellou; M Moraitou; M Maniati; D K Vassilatis; S G Papageorgiou; A Leonardos; G Tagaris; G Malamis; D Theofilopoulos; S Kamakari; E Stamboulis; G M Hadjigeorgiou; A Athanassiadou; H Michelakakis; A Papadimitriou; T Gasser; L Stefanis Journal: Eur J Neurol Date: 2013-12-07 Impact factor: 6.089