Demonstration and maintenance of mucus secretion in cultured human gallbladder epithelial cells.

The method of human gallbladder epithelial cell culture has been developed successfully with active mucus secretory function. Human gallbladder epithelial cells were dissociated by Dispase digestion from the specimens obtained by cholecystectomy for uncomplicated gallbladder stone cases. The dissociated cells formed a monolayer in Eagle's minimum essential medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum within 24 h after the inoculation. These cells were maintained for at least 2 wk without fibroblastic overgrowth. Cultured cells contained periodic acid Schiff-positive material in cellular cytoplasm for 3 d. On transmission electron microscopy these materials were identified as mucous secretory granules. Mucous secretory function was determined by [3H]glucosamine incorporation. Sixty percent of the secreted glycoproteins labeled with [3H]glucosamine was eluted in excluded fractions of Sepharose 4B gel filtration, which were considered to be mucous glycoprotein, because they were found to be resistant to proteoglycan-specific enzymes such as hyaluronidase, chondroitinase ABC, heparitinase, and heparinase. The mucous glycoprotein secretion was maintained for 3 d and found to be inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by monensin (10(-7) to 10(-5) M) which is a known blocker of secretory function.