| Literature DB >> 36238776 |
Jiyoung Song, Bo Da Nam, Soon Ho Yoon, Jin Young Yoo, Yeon Joo Jeong, Chang Dong Yeo, Seong Yong Lim, Sung Yong Lee, Hyun Koo Kim, Byoung Hyuck Kim, Kwang Nam Jin, Hwan Seok Yong.
Abstract
MRI has the advantages of having excellent soft-tissue contrast and providing functional information without any harmful ionizing radiation. Although previous technical limitations restricted the use of chest MRI, recent technological advances and expansion of insurance coverage are increasing the demand for chest MRI. Recognizing the need for guidelines on appropriate use of chest MRI in Korean clinical settings, the Korean Society of Radiology has composed a development committee, working committee, and advisory committee to develop Korean chest MRI justification guidelines. Five key questions were selected and recommendations have been made with the evidence-based clinical imaging guideline adaptation methodology. Recommendations are as follows. Chest MRI can be considered in the following circumstances: for patients with incidentally found anterior mediastinal masses to exclude non-neoplastic conditions, for pneumoconiosis patients with lung masses to differentiate progressive massive fibrosis from lung cancer, and when invasion of the chest wall, vertebrae, diaphragm, or major vessels by malignant pleural mesothelioma or non-small cell lung cancer is suspected. Chest MRI without contrast enhancement or with minimal dose low-risk contrast media can be considered for pregnant women with suspected pulmonary embolism. Lastly, chest MRI is recommended for patients with pancoast tumors planned for radical surgery. CopyrightsEntities:
Year: 2021 PMID: 36238776 PMCID: PMC9432450 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2020.0185
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Taehan Yongsang Uihakhoe Chi ISSN: 1738-2637
Recommendation Matrices of the Existing Guidelines (Key Question 1)
| Guidelines (year) | Managing Incidental Findings on Thoracic CT: Mediastinal and Cardiovascular Findings A White Paper of the ACR Incidental Findings Committee (2018) | Approaching the Patient with an Anterior Mediastinal Mass: A Guide for Radiologists (2014) | Approaching the Patient with an Anterior Mediastinal Mass: A Guide for Clinicians (2014) |
| AGREEII score | 67 | 42 | 42 |
| Recommendation | A purely cystic lesion is most commonly a thymic cyst. These are typically well-circumscribed, round or oval or saccular, and homogeneous lesions near the thymic bed. However, if they are higher density, MRI is superior to CT in distinguishing cystic versus solid lesions, identifying cystic or necrotic components within solid lesions, and identifying septations or soft tissue components within cystic lesions | 1) When a cystic mass is suspeted or is to be investigated, MRI is the most useful imaging modality, because MRI is superior to CT in distinguishing cystic from solid masses (e.g., thymic cysts from thymic neoplasms), discerning cystic/necrotic components within solid masses, and discerning thymic hyperplasia from thymic tumors | 1) MRI is superior to CT in distinguishing cystic from solid masses, can be performed without contrast in patients who cannot receive intravenous contrast as part of a CT examination (due to renal failure or allergy), and can be used to differentiate thymic hyperplasia from thymoma through the use of chemical shift techniques |
| 2) Chemical shift techniques used in MRI can also be used to differentiate thymic hyperplasia from thymoma in adult patients | 2) MRI has the advantage of differentiating thymic hyperplasia and thymoma with greater accuracy and lacks ionizing radiation | ||
| 3) In the case of suspected thymic cyst, MRI should be performed. Purely cystic lesions in the anterior mediastinum with no soft tissue nodules and no internal septations on MRI can reliably be diagnosed as unilocular thymic cysts | 3) For instance, when a wellcircumscribed, round/oval/saccular, and homogeneous lesion near the thymic bed is present on CT, consideration should be given to thymic cyst and further evaluation with MRI performed | ||
| Grades of recommendation | Not mentioned (KCIG 4/5) | Not mentioned (KCIG 4/5) | Not mentioned (KCIG 4/5) |
ACR = American College of Radiology, AGREE = Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, KCIG = Korean Clinical Imaging Guideline
Recommendation Matrices of the Existing Guidelines (Key Question 2)
| Guidelines (year) | ACR Appropriateness Criteria®-Occupational Lung Diseases (2020) |
| AGREEII score | 83 |
| Recommendation | MRI, though known to be limited in detecting abnormalities in the predominantly air-filled lungs, may have a role in evaluation of some parenchymal and pleural abnormalities The investigators observed that all of the lesions detected on CT were identified on the MRI comparison study and MRI interpretations did not demonstrate false-positive or false-negative findings with respect to the presence of PMF on CT |
| Grades of recommendation | 2 |
ACR = American College of Radiology, AGREE = Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, PMF = progressive massive fibrosis
Recommendation Matrices of the Existing Guidelines (Key Question 3)
| Guidelines (year) | NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Ocology Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (2012) | ACR Appropriateness Criteria Noninvasive Clinical Staging of Primary Lung Cancer (2019) | BTS Guideline for the Investigation and Management of Malignant of Pleural Mesothelioma (2018) |
| AGREEII score | 100 | 83 | 83 |
| Recommendation | Chest MRI with contrast to evaluate possible chest wall, spinal, diaphragmatic, or vascular involvement for malignant pleural mesothelioma is appropriate | MRI chest without and with IV contrast may be appropriate for noninvasive initial clinical staging of non-small-cell lung carcinoma MRI chest without and with IV contrast may be appropriate for noninvasive initial clinical staging of small-cell lung carcinoma | In patients where differentiating T stage will change management, consider MRI for the staging of malignant pleural mesothelioma |
| Grades of recommendation | Category 2A (based upon lower-level evidence, there is uniform NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate) | May be appropriate (study quality 3) | Grade D (evidence level 3 or 4) |
ACR = American College of Radiology, AGREE = Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, BTS = British Thoracic Society, NCCN = National Comprehensive Cancer Network
Recommendation Matrices of the Existing Guidelines (Key Question 4)
| Guidelines (year) | ACR Appropriateness Criterias Acute Chest Pain—Suspected Pulmonary Embolism (2017) | 2018 ESC Guidelines for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases during Pregnancy (2018) | An Official American Thoracic Society/Society of Thoracic Radiology Clinical Practice Guideline: Evaluation of Suspected Pulmonary Embolism In Pregnancy (2011) |
| AGREEII score | 83 | 83 | 100 |
| Recommendation | MRA and MR perfusion imaging can provide a rapid, noninvasive evaluation of the central and segmental pulmonary arteries. MR perfusion imaging has high sensitivity for PE and is most useful in combination with MRI and MRA. Its use is mainly limited to institutions with particular interest and expertise in these methods, and in pregnant patients, although there is not yet proof that the use of gadoliniumcontaining contrast agents is safe in pregnancy | MRI (without gadolinium) should be considered if echocardiography is insufficient for a definite diagnosis. Evidence regarding gadolinium-based contrast in pregnancy is controversial and its use should be avoided if possible, especially in the first trimester Currently, the optimal diagnostic approach for the pregnant patient with suspected PE is uncertain. A modified Wells score may be useful alone or in combination with D-dimer testing to stratify women into those needing imaging, allowing the remainder to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure, but this awaits further study. | In the pregnant population, contrast-enhanced MRPA is relatively contraindicated due to the uncertain long-term effects of gadolinium on the fetus |
| Grades of recommendation | Usually not appropriate, (study quality 3) | Class IIa Level C | Not mentioned |
ACR = American College of Radiology, AGREE = Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation, PE = pulmonary embolism, MRPA = MR pulmonary angiography
Recommendation Matrices of the Existing Guidelines (Key Question 5)
| Guidelines (year) | Special Treatment Issues in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (2013) |
| AGREEII score | 67 |
| Recommendation | In patients with a pancoast tumor being considered for curative-intent surgical resection, an MRI of the thoracic inlet and brachial plexus is recommended to characterize possible tumor invasion of vascular structures or the extradural space |
| Grades of recommendation | Grade 1C |
AGREE = Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation