Catarina Cidade-Rodrigues1, Filipe M Cunha2, Catarina Chaves2, Fabiana Castro3, Catarina Pereira4, Sílvia Paredes5, Margarida Silva-Vieira2, Anabela Melo3, Odete Figueiredo3, Cláudia Nogueira4, Ana Morgado3, Mariana Martinho2, Maria C Almeida6, Margarida Almeida2. 1. Endocrinology Department, Centro Hospitalar Do Tâmega E Sousa, Avenida Do Hospital Padre Américo 210, Guilhufe, 4564-007, Penafiel, Portugal. catarinacidaderodrigues@gmail.com. 2. Endocrinology Department, Centro Hospitalar Do Tâmega E Sousa, Avenida Do Hospital Padre Américo 210, Guilhufe, 4564-007, Penafiel, Portugal. 3. Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Centro Hospitalar Do Tâmega E Sousa, Avenida Do Hospital Padre Américo 210, Guilhufe, 4564-007, Penafiel, Portugal. 4. Endocrinology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. 5. Endocrinology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Do Porto, Porto, Portugal. 6. Obstetrics Department, Maternidade Bissaya Barreto, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Short stature predicts higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We studied the association between height and glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and whether this association differed according to body mass index (BMI). METHODS: Retrospective study of the Portuguese GDM registry. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: missing data on postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or BMI. ENDPOINT: postpartum glucose intolerance (diabetes mellitus or prediabetes on the 6-8 weeks postpartum OGTT). Women were divided by mean height and compared. A multivariate logistic regression was used, and the analysis was stratified by BMI (cut-off: 30 kg/m2) and interaction was tested. RESULTS: We included 7402 women; mean height was 161.9 ± 6.2 cm. Taller women had lower BMI and lower rates of glucose intolerance (6.8 vs. 8.8%, p = 0.002). Women with BMI < 30 kg/m2 were taller than those with obesity. Height associated with glucose intolerance. The multivariate adjusted OR of glucose intolerance was 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99), p = 0.001, per 1 cm increase in height. This association was only observed in women with BMI < 30 kg/m2: OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-0.99), < 0.001. There was no such association in women with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2: OR 0.99 (95% CI 0.97-1.02), p = 0.65. P for interaction between BMI and height was 0.09. CONCLUSIONS: In non-obese pre-gestational women, height is inversely associated with postpartum glucose intolerance. Per 1 cm increase in height, women present a 3% decrease in the risk of developing diabetes mellitus or prediabetes.
PURPOSE: Short stature predicts higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We studied the association between height and glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and whether this association differed according to body mass index (BMI). METHODS: Retrospective study of the Portuguese GDM registry. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: missing data on postpartum oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or BMI. ENDPOINT: postpartum glucose intolerance (diabetes mellitus or prediabetes on the 6-8 weeks postpartum OGTT). Women were divided by mean height and compared. A multivariate logistic regression was used, and the analysis was stratified by BMI (cut-off: 30 kg/m2) and interaction was tested. RESULTS: We included 7402 women; mean height was 161.9 ± 6.2 cm. Taller women had lower BMI and lower rates of glucose intolerance (6.8 vs. 8.8%, p = 0.002). Women with BMI < 30 kg/m2 were taller than those with obesity. Height associated with glucose intolerance. The multivariate adjusted OR of glucose intolerance was 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-0.99), p = 0.001, per 1 cm increase in height. This association was only observed in women with BMI < 30 kg/m2: OR 0.97 (95% CI 0.95-0.99), < 0.001. There was no such association in women with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2: OR 0.99 (95% CI 0.97-1.02), p = 0.65. P for interaction between BMI and height was 0.09. CONCLUSIONS: In non-obese pre-gestational women, height is inversely associated with postpartum glucose intolerance. Per 1 cm increase in height, women present a 3% decrease in the risk of developing diabetes mellitus or prediabetes.