Alena Patnaik1, Hemasundar Alavilli2, Jnanendra Rath3, Kishore C S Panigrahi1, Madhusmita Panigrahy4. 1. School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India. 2. Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea. 3. Institute of Science, Visva-Bharati Central University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, 731235, India. 4. School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India. mpanigrahy@niser.ac.in.
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION: Circadian clock components exhibit structural variations in different plant systems, and functional variations during various abiotic stresses. These variations bear relevance for plant fitness and could be important evolutionarily. All organisms on earth have the innate ability to measure time as diurnal rhythms that occur due to the earth's rotations in a 24-h cycle. Circadian oscillations arising from the circadian clock abide by its fundamental properties of periodicity, entrainment, temperature compensation, and oscillator mechanism, which is central to its function. Despite the fact that a myriad of research in Arabidopsis thaliana illuminated many detailed aspects of the circadian clock, many more variations in clock components' organizations and functions remain to get deciphered. These variations are crucial for sustainability and adaptation in different plant systems in the varied environmental conditions in which they grow. Together with these variations, circadian clock functions differ drastically even during various abiotic and biotic stress conditions. The present review discusses variations in the organization of clock components and their role in different plant systems and abiotic stresses. We briefly introduce the clock components, entrainment, and rhythmicity, followed by the variants of the circadian clock in different plant types, starting from lower non-flowering plants, marine plants, dicots to the monocot crop plants. Furthermore, we discuss the interaction of the circadian clock with components of various abiotic stress pathways, such as temperature, light, water stress, salinity, and nutrient deficiency with implications for the reprogramming during these stresses. We also update on recent advances in clock regulations due to post-transcriptional, post-translation, non-coding, and micro-RNAs. Finally, we end this review by summarizing the points of applicability, a remark on the future perspectives, and the experiments that could clear major enigmas in this area of research.
MAIN CONCLUSION: Circadian clock components exhibit structural variations in different plant systems, and functional variations during various abiotic stresses. These variations bear relevance for plant fitness and could be important evolutionarily. All organisms on earth have the innate ability to measure time as diurnal rhythms that occur due to the earth's rotations in a 24-h cycle. Circadian oscillations arising from the circadian clock abide by its fundamental properties of periodicity, entrainment, temperature compensation, and oscillator mechanism, which is central to its function. Despite the fact that a myriad of research in Arabidopsis thaliana illuminated many detailed aspects of the circadian clock, many more variations in clock components' organizations and functions remain to get deciphered. These variations are crucial for sustainability and adaptation in different plant systems in the varied environmental conditions in which they grow. Together with these variations, circadian clock functions differ drastically even during various abiotic and biotic stress conditions. The present review discusses variations in the organization of clock components and their role in different plant systems and abiotic stresses. We briefly introduce the clock components, entrainment, and rhythmicity, followed by the variants of the circadian clock in different plant types, starting from lower non-flowering plants, marine plants, dicots to the monocot crop plants. Furthermore, we discuss the interaction of the circadian clock with components of various abiotic stress pathways, such as temperature, light, water stress, salinity, and nutrient deficiency with implications for the reprogramming during these stresses. We also update on recent advances in clock regulations due to post-transcriptional, post-translation, non-coding, and micro-RNAs. Finally, we end this review by summarizing the points of applicability, a remark on the future perspectives, and the experiments that could clear major enigmas in this area of research.
Authors: Trudie Allen; Athanasios Koustenis; George Theodorou; David E Somers; Steve A Kay; Garry C Whitelam; Paul F Devlin Journal: Plant Cell Date: 2006-09-29 Impact factor: 11.277
Authors: Mathew S Box; B Emma Huang; Mirela Domijan; Katja E Jaeger; Asif Khan Khattak; Seong Jeon Yoo; Emma L Sedivy; D Marc Jones; Timothy J Hearn; Alex A R Webb; Alastair Grant; James C W Locke; Philip A Wigge Journal: Curr Biol Date: 2014-12-31 Impact factor: 10.834